The brain is composed of many neurons creating a sophisticated network. We have been interested in how neurological diseases such as stroke and Alzheimer's affect neural circuits and behavior. Toward these goals, we have been using advanced optical approaches such as two-photon imaging and optogenetics.

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More recently, we initiated a series of studies on dorsal brain stem nuclei. These nuclei integrate inputs from all parts of body and internal organs, that will ultimately lead to behavior. Despite its significance for our lives, this area has been understudied. We will employ in our two-photon imaging, optogenetic tools, and electrophysiology to unravel the fundamental principles that govern information processing in the brainstem.